Keywords: building decoration materials, fire resistance, active defense
Fire safety is a core requirement for building decoration, and traditional flame retardant materials have defects such as releasing toxic gases during combustion and short fire resistance limits. Modern fire-resistant materials upgrade from passive flame retardancy to active defense by adding inorganic fillers or phase change materials. For example, the outer wall of a high-rise building uses aerogel composite insulation board, whose closed hole structure can isolate oxygen, with a fire resistance limit of 3 hours, and no droplet phenomenon during combustion.
The combination of fire-resistant coatings and fire-resistant glass has become a trend in indoor decoration. A certain data center wall is coated with an expansion type fireproof coating, which forms a dense carbonized layer when exposed to fire, delaying the spread of fire; At the same time, fire-resistant glass maintains its integrity at high temperatures, buying time for personnel evacuation. In addition, intelligent fireproof materials can monitor temperature in real time and trigger alarms by embedding thermal sensors. For example, the ceiling of a hotel room adopts a self sensing fireproof ceiling, which automatically sprays fire extinguishing agents when the temperature exceeds a threshold.
In the future, fire-resistant materials will develop towards multifunctionality. For example, a research team has developed an integrated fireproof and heat-insulating board that combines flame retardancy, sound insulation, and antibacterial properties, and can be widely used in public buildings such as hospitals and schools. With the introduction of nanotechnology, the high temperature resistance and environmental friendliness of fire-resistant materials will be further improved.
